THE PRINCIPLE OF RECIPROCITY IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: A STUDY OF NIGERIA’S DISPUTES WITH HER IMMEDIATE NEIGHBORS SINCE 1981

Abstract

This study examines Nigeria’s diplomatic engagements with its neighboring countries since 1981, focusing on the principle of reciprocity in international relations. Utilizing a qualitative analysis of historical case studies including the Bakassi Peninsula dispute with Cameroon, economic sanctions with Benin, and border security issues with Chad and Niger, the research explores how reciprocity has shaped Nigeria’s foreign policy strategies. Key findings emphasize the effectiveness of reciprocal actions in resolving conflicts, fostering regional cooperation, and addressing transnational challenges. The study underscores the importance of balanced diplomatic approaches, legal adherence, and collaborative security measures in promoting stability and enhancing Nigeria’s leadership role within West Africa.